DRUG
DRUG ADMINISTRATION STUDY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
IMPORTANT NOTE
Persons reading this information should use due care and attention in
interpreting the results and should
always have due regard to the individual characteristics of any greyhound
being treated. A "Safety
Margin" of extra time accompanying the period of detection of each medication
reported in these studies is
suggested but the ANZGA provides withholding times and suggested "Safety
Margins" purely as
recommended guidelines and makes no representation and accepts no
responsibility concerning the
accuracy of these recommended guidelines and their applicability in the
treatment of any particular
greyhound.
Each study has been conducted based on results from two physically fit, adult
greyhounds, in racing
condition. The results of the studies should therefore not be relied upon
other than as a guide and readers
must take account of the natural variation between greyhounds and their
ability to metabolise and excrete
the different medications and their breakdown products when interpreting each
study.
PREAMBLE
At the Conference of delegates of the ANZGA held in Melbourne in September 1995,
approval was gained from all
Controlling Authorities to participate in a drug administration study of the
most commonly prescribed and dispensed
registered veterinary therapeutic medications associated with inadvertent,
positive, post-race urine samples (swabs).
A project was then instituted to generate " Guideline Withholding Periods"
rather than " Definitive Excretion Times", as it
must be appreciated that the latter would require the involvement of a much
larger number of greyhounds, and consequently,
a corresponding escalation of analytical costs. Nonetheless, the protocols
adopted throughout these studies are considered to
be the most cost effective and informative ever to be undertaken in Australasia.
It should be noted that, throughout this report, a ` Positive" finding may
relate either to the parent drug and / or its metabolite
(breakdown product) found in the post-administration urine sample, which will
have been subjected to the same routine
screening process by which all post-race urine samples are analysed.
This is not to imply that the medications, and / or their metabolites, would not
be detectable for a longer period than that
stated in the following Executive Summary Information Release, if more detailed
or sophisticated procedures were to be
employed.
It must be clearly stated that the dose rates of internal medications, and, the
application rates of topical preparations, are at the
average level of the therapeutic range recommended by the manufacturer of each
particular product. The use of a lower dose
rate, or lesser quantity applied, or a shorter period of use, or a reduced
period of application, may reduce the appropriate
Withholding Guideline Period. The use of a higher dose rate, or larger quantity
applied, or a longer period of use, or an
increased period of application, may increase the appropriate Withholding
Guideline Period. The ANZGA, however,
explicitly rejects any responsibility for any outcome resulting from
interpretation, application, extrapolation, or variation of
the stated procedures in the treatment of any greyhound or greyhounds.
Attention is again drawn to the fact that these studies are restricted solely to
registered veterinary therapeutic medications
prescribed or dispensed by registered veterinarians for the treatment of racing
greyhounds. No administration study will be
contemplated in relation to illegally obtained, prohibited, or banned
substances.
Persons requiring more detail as to any, or each, of the drug administration
studies, should apply to the relevant local
Controlling Authority, or, to the office of the ANZGA, P O Box 239 Springvale
3171
COPYRIGHT NOTICE: The information contained in this Executive Summary may not be
published, amended, edited, or
varied in any way without the written permission of the Australian and New
Zealand Greyhound Racing Association Inc.
NEIL BROWN
Chief Executive Officer
Australian and New Zealand Greyhound Association Inc.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Study
Medication
Dose Rate Duration of
Detection
Withholding
No.
Administration
Period
Guidelines
(Minimum
Indication only)
1
Phenylbutazone (B.T.Z.)
100 mgm tablet
48-72 hrs
120 hours
8 hourly for 5 days with
( 5 days)
food
2
Ketoprofen
10 mgm tablet
24-48 hrs
72 hours
8 hourly for 5 days with
(3 days)
food
3
Flunixin
10 mgm
48-72 hrs
96 hours
8 hourly for 3 days with
(4 days)
food
4
Aspirin
350 mgm
48-72 hrs
96 hours
8 hourly for 5 days with
(4 days)
food
5
Indomethacin
6 mgm once daily for 5
24 hrs
48 hours
(Cu-Algesic)
days
(2 days)
6
Dermcusal containing
(a) (Salicylic Acid)
2ml of Dermcusal to
(a) 6 days
168 hours
each wrist joint
(7 Days)
(b) Dimethyl Sulphoxide
12 hourly for 5 days
(b) 6 days
DMSO)
7
Isobutalone Gel
(a) (Phenylbutazone)
1 standard tspn of
(a) 6-7 days
192 hours
Isobutalone gel to each
(8 days)
Isobutalone Gel
of two wrists
(b) (Dimethyl/Sulphoxide
12 hourly for 5 days
DMSO)
Isobutalone Gel
(c) (Isepropylaminophenazone)
8
DMSO Roll On
Rolled on 1 wrist and 1
6-7 days
Not yet defined
(Dimethylsulphoxide)
hock 12 hourly, for 5
* see 14 below
days, using enough to
wet hair and skin.
9
Myoton Cream
1 teaspoonful 8 hourly
(a) Phenylbutazone
for 5 days massaged into
(a) 4-5 days
Not yet defined due
(b) Lignocaine
both wrist joints
(b) 7 days
to lignocaine
(c) DMSO
(c) 2-5 days
10
Flucort-Domoso Roll On
Rolled on to both wrists
(a) Flumesthasone
8 hourly for 5 days using
(a) 5-6 days
192 hours
(b) DMSO Gel
enough to wet hair and
(b) 6-7 days
(8 days)
skin
It is imperative that this information be read in conjunction with the Notes
and Preamble preceding these
reports
11
Dexamethasone Injection
1 millilitre (2 mg)
3-4 days
120 hours
(Dexamethasone Sodium
injected under skin for
(5 days)
2mg/ml)
one dose only
12
DADA 250
1 ml injected into muscle
Nil
48 hours
one dose only
after 24 hours
(2 days)
13
Kynoselen Injection
5ml (25 mgm) injected
3-4 days
120 hours
(Heptaminol 5 mgm/ml)
under skin one dose only
(5 days)
14
Domoso Roll-On (Repeat
Rolled On 1 wrist and 1
5-6 days
192 hours
Study)
hock
(8 days)
(Dimethylsulphoxide - DMSO)
12 hourly for 5 days
(Topical Solution)
15
Voren
2 ml injected under skin
7-8 days
Not defined
(Dexamethasone)
one dose only
16
Apomorphine Hydrochloride
Dissolving 1 biling tablet
48 hours
72 hours
in 2ml of Sterile water
and injecting under the
skin.
17
Clanobutin injection
3ml injected into both
7 days
Not defined
(Bykahepar)
thigh muscles
total dose of 6ml
18
Bisolvon Tablets
7.5 Tablets, twice daily
2 days in 1 dog
120 hours
(Bromhexine)
for 5 days given orally
4 days in 1 dog
(5 days)
Note variation in
excretion rates
19
Clanobutin Injection
3ml injected into both
9 days in 1 dog
264 hours
(Bykahepar)
thigh muscles Total dose
10 days in 1 dog
(11 days)
Repeat of Study 17
of 6ml
Note variation in
excretion rates
20
Fortex Tonic
One Dose of 8 ml
24 Hours
48 Hours
(Caffeine)
(One Capful)
2 (Days)
21
Millophyline-V Tablets
3 tablets (=300mg)
Exceeding 14 Days
Not yet defined
(Etamyphilline)
3 Times Daily
for 5 Days
22
Prilocaine
One Injection of 2ml of
1 day in one dog
72 hours (3 days)
Local Anaesthetic
2% solution.
2 days in one dog
Under the Skin
23
Myoton Cream
One level teaspoonful
(a) Nil at 5 days
Not yet defined due
(Repeat Study No. 1)
applied to two wrists
(b) 11 days
to Lignocaine
(a) Phyenylbutazone
once daily for 5 days
(c) Nil at 5 days
(b) Lignocaine
(c) DMSO
It is imperative that this information be read in conjunction with the Notes
and Preamble preceding these
reports
24
Myoton Cream
One level teaspoonful
(a) Nil at 5 days
Not yet defined due
(Repeat Study No.2)
applied to one wrist once
(b) 11 days
to Lignocaine
(a) Phenylbutazone
daily for 5 days
(c) Nil at 5 days
(b) Lignocaine
(c) DMSO
25
Carprofen
60 mgm. orally,
Nil at 24 hours
48 hours
8 Hourly for 3 doses,
then
60 mgm. 24 hourly, for
4 more doses
26
Bone Radiol Liniment
Total of 5 ml applied
Nil at 24 hours for
48 hours
(a) Camphor
once daily for 5 days
all ingredients
(b) Menthol
(c) Ammonia
(d) Guaiacol
(e) Creosote
27
Trimolone Forte
Total of 1 ml injected
4 days in one dog
144 hours
(Triamcinolone
under the skin
and 5 days in one
(6 Days)
Acetonide 6 mgm/ml)
dog.
Note variation in
excretion rates.
28
Prednisolone
2ml (20mgm),
Exceeding 7 days
Not yet defined
Acetate
injected under the skin
Suspension
29
Buscopan Injection
One dose of 2.5ml
(a) 2-3 days
168 hours
(a) Dipyrone
injected under the skin
(b) 4-6 days
(7 days)
(b) Hyoscine
note variation in
excretion rates
30
Clenbutarol
1.5 Gram, 12 Hourly,
48-72 hours
96 hours
(Ventipulmin)
for 3 days
31
Coumarin
300 mgm, orally
Nil at 24 hours
48 hours
(Pyrona)
once daily, for 3 days
32
Meloxicam
1.5 mgm / 7.5 Kg. B. Wt.
3 Days in one dog
6 Days
(Metacam)
in First Dose Then
5 Days in other dog
Note variation in
1.5 mgm / 15 Kg. B.Wt.,
excretion times.
daily for 4 days.
All doses at 24 hour
intervals.
33
Robaxin
1 Tablet (500mgm)
5 Days
6 Days
(Methocarbamol)
8 Hourly for 5 days
34
Prednil Tablets
1 Tablet 8 Hourly for 5
Prednisolone, 3
Not yet defined due
Each containing Prednisolone
days
days
to
5.0 mgm plus
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine Maleate 2.0
Chlorpheniramine,
mgm
exceeding 7 days
35
Lignocaine 2% Solution
One dose of 3ml (60
24 hours in one
48 hours
mgm) injected under the
dog, but nil at 24
Note the variation
skin
hours in the other
in excretion rates
36
Prednefrin Forte Eye Drops
One drop applied to each
Prednisolone Nil
48 hours
Prednisolone Acetate 1%
eye, once daily, for 5
at 24 hours
Phenylephrine HC1 0.12%
days
Phenylephrine
Nil at 24 hours
It is imperative that this information be read in conjunction with the Notes
and Preamble preceding these
reports
37
Rakelin Injection
0.5 ml (0.25 mgm) into
72 hours
96 hours
(Reserpine 0.5 mgm/ml)
muscle, once daily, for 3 days
38
Scourban Oral
20 ml of Scourban,
24 hours in one
48 hours
Anti-Diarrhoeal Suspension
(= Hyoscine HBr, 0.8 mgm),
greyhound.
orally, 12 hourly, for 3 days
Nil at 24 hours in the
other greyhound.
The medication Decort 20 (Deoxycortone acetate) is prescribed by veterinarians
to combat dehydration in the racing
greyhound, when administered in combination with oral electrolytes and water.
39
Decort 20 injection
One injection of 1.0ml (20
Nil at 24 hours
48 hours
(20 mgm/ml)
mgm) into muscle.
The medication Amacin Eye Ointment (Neomycin + Polymixin + Bacitracin +
Prednisolone 2.5 mgm/Gm) is prescribed
by veterinarians to combat infections &/or inflammation in the eyes of racing
greyhounds.
40
Amacin Eye Ointment
Applying 1.5cm of ointment
Nil at 24 hours
48 hours
containing
from the tube, to each eye,
Prednisolone 2.5mgm
twice daily, for 5 days.
in each Gram
The medication Chlorasone Eye Ointment (Chloramphenicol 10 mgm/Gram +
Hydrocortisone 5 mgm/Gram) is
cribed by veterinarians to combat infections & / or inflammation in the eye of
racing greyhounds.
41
Chlorasone Eye Ointment
Applying 1.5 cm of ointment
Nil at 24 hours for
48 Hours
Containing
from the tube, to each eye,
both the
Chloramphenicol 10
twice daily for 5 days
Chloramphenicol and
mgm/Gm
Hydrocortisone
+ Hydrocortisone 5
mgm/Gm
The medication EtoGesic (Containing 300 mgm of Etodolac in each Tablet) is
prescribed by veterinarians to combat pain
and inflammation associated with non-infectious osteoarthritis and post-surgical
conditions in greyhounds
42
EtoGesic(Etodolac) Tablets
Administer 1.5 tablets
4 Days in one dog,
6 Days
(=450 mgm Etodolac),
5 Days in one dog
Note variation in
once daily, for 5 days
excretion rates
It is imperative that this information be read in conjunction with the Notes
and Preamble preceding these
reports
(DrugSum/Revised 21.2.2002)